Benefits of Roundabouts
Traffic Safety
Numerous studies have shown significant safety improvements at intersections converted from conventional forms to roundabouts. The physical shape of roundabouts eliminates crossing conflicts that are present at conventional intersections, thus reducing the total number of potential conflict points and the most severe of those conflict points. The most comprehensive and recent study showed overall reductions of 35 percent in total crashes and 76 percent in injury crashes. Severe, incapacitating injuries and fatalities are rare, with one study reporting 89-percent reduction in these types of crashes and another reporting 100-percent reduction in fatalities.
Land Use
Roundabouts can provide a transition area between high-speed rural and low-speed urban environments. They can also be used to demarcate commercial areas from residential areas.
Traffic Calming
Roundabouts can have traffic calming effects on streets by reducing vehicle speeds using geometric design rather than relying solely on traffic control devices.
Operational Performance
When operating within their capacity, roundabouts typically have lower overall delay than signalized and all-way stop-controlled intersections. The delay reduction is often most significant during non-peak traffic periods. These performance benefits can often result in reduced lane requirements between intersections. When used at the terminals of freeway interchanges, roundabouts can often reduce lane requirements for bridges over or under the freeway, thus substantially reducing construction costs. However, as yield-controlled intersections, roundabouts do not provide priority to specific users such as trains, transit, or emergency vehicles.
Environmental Factors
Roundabouts often provide environmental benefits by reducing vehicle delay and the number and duration of stops compared with signalized or all-way stop-controlled alternatives. Even when there are heavy volumes, vehicles continue to advance slowly in moving queues rather than coming to a complete stop. This can reduce noise and air quality impacts and fuel consumption significantly by reducing the number of acceleration/deceleration cycles and the time spent idling.
Access Management
Because roundabouts can facilitate U-turns, they can be a key element of a comprehensive access management strategy to reduce or eliminate left-turn movements at driveways between major intersections.
Pedestrian Safety
Due to the reduction of vehicle speeds in and around the intersection, roundabouts can improve pedestrian crossing opportunities. Additionally, the splitter island refuge area provides the ability for pedestrians to focus on one traffic stream at a time while crossing. However, pedestrians with visual impairments may not receive the same level of information at a roundabout as at a typical signalized intersection, and they may require additional treatments, such as pedestrian signalization. Specific design treatments for enhancing accessibility for visually impaired pedestrians are receiving continued study.
Aesthetics
The central island and splitter islands offer the opportunity to provide attractive entries or centerpieces to communities through use of landscaping, monuments, and art, provided that they are appropriate for the speed environment in which the roundabout is located.
Ongoing Operations and Maintenance
A roundabout typically has lower operating and maintenance costs than a traffic signal due to the lack of technical hardware, signal timing equipment, and electricity needs. Roundabouts also provide substantial cost savings to society due to the reduction in crashes, particularly fatal and injury crashes, over their service life. As a result, the overall life cycle costs of a roundabout can be significantly less than that of a signalized intersection.
Approach Roadway Width
A roundabout may reduce the amount of widening needed on the approach roadways in comparison to alternative intersection forms. While signalized or stop-controlled intersections can require adding lengthy left-turn and/or right-turn lanes, a roundabout may enable maintaining a narrower cross section in advance of the intersection. However, roundabouts usually require more space for the circulatory roadway, central island, and sidewalks than the typically rectangular space inside traditional intersections. Therefore, roundabouts often have greater right-of-way needs at the intersection quadrants compared with other intersection forms.
Roundabout Safety - How & Why We Use Roundabouts
Compact Urban Roundabouts
Mini Roundabout Brochure
Meet the Urban (Compact) Roundabout
